Physical properties of plastics professional plastics. Depending on physical properties, plastics are divided into two types. Use of plastic wastes as a binding material in the. Condition of application, specific weight and typical mechanical strength 15. The study bears on plastics with a polypropylene basis. This lesson will give a brief history of plastics and discuss some of the properties that make it such a useful. For instance, most polymers are very resistant to chemicals contained in solvents such as cleaning fluids. Mechanical properties and degradation of commercial. Find information on the wide variety of plastics used in hundreds of household and consumer products.
General properties and applications of thermoplastics. These notes serve as a guideline only and do not constitute any confirmation of warranted quality. In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the. Polycarbonate pc is used in baby bottles, compact discs, and medical storage containers. Plastic common name continuous operating temperature chemical resistance uv resistance compressive strength coefficient of friction dielectric strength. In addition, most of the commodity plastics such as bottles, cups etc made out of petroleum are non compostable and non biodegradable. General properties of plastics use of polymers notes. The properties of plastics how to pick the right plastic.
Easy descriptions of typical, physical, thermal, optical, electrical properties. Engineering plastics material selection a design guide. Bridging the gap between theory and practice, it enables scientists to understand the commercial implications of their work as well as providing technologists with a theoretical background. Use our interactive properties table below to explore by property group, sort, or compare two or more plastic materials. It is most readily available in opaque black and white, with one side smooth and one side textured. The materials used in the construction of engineering structures such as buildings, bridges and roads are called engineering materials or building materials.
Highlights l 9 taguchi oa is used to produce the parts made of various composition of virgin and recycled plastic using injection moulding. Economic impact analysis of proposed reinforced plastics. But with many options available, manufacturers need to. The field of plastic surgery is not named for use of plastic materials, but rather the meaning of the word plasticity, with regard to the reshaping of flesh.
Materials such as poly lactic acid pla are examples of. Sep 28, 2014 plastics manufacture, types,application,examples 1. The suitability of products intended for use in these temperature ranges should be tested prior to application. Trains, planes, and automobiles, even ships, satellites, and space stations, use plastics extensively. Plastics technology handbook plastics properties and testing. It should also be noted that each plastic material has its own peculiar properties to suit the various uses. Hence it is important to know the plastic flow properties of metals and alloys. We hope this information helps you develop parameters to consider when selecting a group of plastics for further investigation. Linear polymers and a combination of linear and cross. Physical properties of plastics material formula density g cm3 flammability limiting oxygen index % optical transmission % radiation resistance refractive index resistance to ultraviolet water absorption % water absorption equilibrium % water absorption over 24 hours %.
The length, width and depth of each item was measured at the longest edge. Have students examine the characteristics of common plastics information sheet to identify common uses for each of the 6 major types of plastic. The 5page chapter on characterization and testing is a book in itself, with good sense explanations of the underlying theory, test. Polymer waste is a serious burden for the environment because common organisms.
Mechanical properties of plastic materials material formula abrasive resistance astm d1044 mg cycles coefficient of friction compression set after 24 hr at 175c % compressive modulus gpa compressive strength mpa elongation at break % hardness rockwell izod impact strengt h j m1 poissons ratio tear strength n mm1 tensile modulus. Available in many colors and in transparent form, plastics can be rubbery or rigid. Properties of plastics physical properties electrical conductivity. Plastics are quickly gaining popularity as the material of choice for medical device components. Abs is a blend of three different plastics into a sort of plastic alloy. Dr lucy cowton product sustainability manager innovia films.
Plastics that can be deformed easily upon heating and can be bent easily. Properties of plastic materials combustibility test for plastics according to ul subject 94 the plastic materials are classified as follows. Research materials to see which options best fit your needs. Plastic waste is carried to melt and mixed with a varying proportion of sand variation between 50 and 80% in weight. None of the test sample burns longer than 10 seconds.
Each plastic material has its own peculiar properties to suit its particular uses. These properties range from high temperature performance to dimensional stability and excellent electrical insulation properties. Also, you may want to use our plastic material selection guide or interactive thermoplastics triangle to assist with the material selection process based on your application requirements. The chemical properties of plastics depend on the type of polymer used during the manufacturing process. Continuous common operating chemical uv compressive.
Typical reactions for chain assembling are polyaddition continuous or step wise and condensation polymerization polycondensation 1 figure 1. Today were looking at the types of different plastics, along with their properties and uses which leads us at consolidated plastics to consider the nature of change, both in our business and in yours. I structure and properties of polymers pavel kratochvil encyclopedia of life support systems eolss are molding, blowing, calendering, casting, extrusion, foaming, spinning of fibers, etc. The use of plastic materials in the medical field, about 4 billion dollars in. Property of plastics this chapter explains the properties of plastics and the characteristics of typical material in mold processing. Plastic is a general term that includes various chemicals and synthetic materials. If you throw them away they will stay in the environment for a very long time. Pet e plastic is used to make many common household items like beverage bottles, medicine jars, rope, clothing and carpet fibre. The materials used in civil engineering constructions can be studied under the. However, these properties are subject to change due to temperature. The effects of optimal processing parameters and addition of recycled plastic in various compositions on mechanical properties and mfi of the part are studied. This is the part of the lesson weve been patiently waiting for.
Common plastics their abbreviations, names and uses. Mechanical properties and degradation of commercial biodegradable plastic bags. There are hundreds of different kinds of plastics, in all sorts of different colors, and with all sorts of different properties, from strong and hard to soft and flexible. Dec 07, 2014 properties of plastics physical properties electrical conductivity. Unmodified types of plastics that are regarded as having unacceptable resistance to uv are pom acetal, pc, abs and pa66. Different types of plastics and their classification the society of the plastics industry spi established a classification system in 1988 to allow consumers and recyclers to identify different types of plastic. For chemically resistant plastic, view our chemical resistance of plastics chart. Properties include improved toughness, chemical resistance, impact strength, and. Today it is one of our most useful and adaptable materials. Like most other plastics, acrylite ff sheet will expand and contract from.
Learn about plastics, recycling of plastics, thermosetting plastic and thermoplastic, types and properties of plastics at byjus. Polyphenylene sulfide pps is a highperformance, engineering thermoplastic characterized by an unusual combination of properties. It is important to understand these standard terms since they are used by suppliers and users to communicate how a material. Other plastics such as pet, pp, hdpe, pa12, pa11, pa6, pes. Oct 30, 2015 apr 10, 2020 general properties of plastics use of polymers notes edurev is made by best teachers of. The name plastic is derived from the greek word plastikos, which means able to be shaped. Plastics manufacture, types,application,examples 1. We need to learn to use less of this material but im sure youll agree that this is a good reason to make sure you recycle as much as possible. Highdensity polyethylene products are very safe and are not known to transmit any chemicals into foods or drinks. Low polymers repeated structure dont conduct slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Naturally, there may be some exceptions to these rules of thumb or times when.
An emerging alternative for petroleum based plastics. But, what makes pps a high performance plastic in several sectors. Some of the reasons include its awesome physical properties and. The structural plastics selection manual is the second of three manuals for structural engineers prepared under the direction of the american society of civil engineers structural plastics research council. Plastics are all around you, but how much do you know about this handy invention. This document is highly rated by students and has been viewed 367 times. Plastic shapes include sheet, rod, hex, pipe, cubes, balls, and tubes. The success of plastic as an engineering material will depends up on the selection of variety of plastic.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Some properties of plastics include their light weight, high resistance to various chemicals, thermal and electrical insulation and their wide range of colors, characteristics and potential uses. Apr 10, 2020 general properties of plastics use of polymers notes edurev is made by best teachers of. Plastics are defined as a group of synthetic resinous or other substances that can be molded into any form. Plastics start to become brittle at temperatures below zero. This chapter explains the properties of plastics and the characteristics of typical material in mold processing. Pe is even used heavily in the agricultural industry and used for creating green houses and put on the soil for mulching film. Since the previous edition, several new materials have been. Every polymer has very distinct characteristics but most share a few similar characteristics. Other uses for plastics have been for milk cartons, toys, bags, packing tape, and cable insulation.
Thermoplastic consumption is roughly 80% or more of the total plastic consumption. When heat and pressure are applied to plastic, it can be molded or remolded into various shapes. You may have seen pictures on the tv or online of masses and masses of plastics in the sea. Plastic material properties table curbell plastics. Plastic materials consist of long chain molecules polymers. Plastics are nothing but synthetic organic high polymers. The seventh edition of this classic reference work once more provides a comprehensive overview of commercially available plastics materials. Facts about plastic for kids uses of plastic dk find out.
At consolidated plastics, we think of plastic as a medium of change, making products better while serving as a reminder that flexibility. Plastics uses, benefits, and chemical safety facts. Most materials have molecules made up of less than 300 atoms, plastics contain thousands of atoms. Properties and uses of plastics as a construction material. We used to build ships from wood and planes from string hemp and canvas cottonflax. Plastics have many uses in the medical field as well, with the introduction of polymer implants and other medical devices derived at least partially from plastic. Plastics differ from other materials largely because of the size of their molecules. The test samples are extinguished within 5 seconds average time mean of 10 succesive tests. It supplements the preceding structural plastics connections manual. In the development of plastic enclosures and tuning knobs, the designers follow the ecodesign directive. Plastics enable sustainable, durable, longlasting design and construction in homes, buildings, and infrastructure like bridges in automotive design, plastics have contributed to a multitude of innovations in safety, performance and fuel efficiency. They include bricks, timber, cement, steel and plastics.
General properties of plastics use of polymers notes edurev. Optimization of mechanical properties of recycled plastic. Items made from this plastic are commonly recycled. Have them choose 1 or 2 types of plastic and using what they have just learned about their physical and chemical properties, explain why certain plastics are used to package certain items. Plastics have taken the place of traditional materials like woods and metals. Most plastics melt when they are heated, so they are easy to mold into any shape.
Plastic material properties table mechanical, physical, thermal. We had to work with the materials that nature provided, but no morewe now design our own materials. Making sense of plastics and their properties mddi online. Our experienced sales and technical teams are available to assist you with material selection challenges. In this worksheet, students will be looking at the properties of plastics one of the most common materials in everyday life. One of the many properties of plastics that makes them so useful is that they are easy to produce in different shapes and sizes and so can be used to make a huge variety of objects. Definition and concept a plastic material is any of a wide range of synthetic or semisynthetic organic solids that are moldable macro molecular consists large chain like molecules containing carbon. Manufacturers place an spi code, or number, on each plastic product, usually moulded into the bottom. This document pdf may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. It is important to know the general outstanding properties of plastics to make best use of this an engineering material.
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